Cats enrich our lives with comfort, companionship, and charm, but they’re experts at hiding discomfort and illness. As a responsible cat parent, knowing the most common feline health issues and how to prevent them can make all the difference in giving your furry friend a longer, happier life. Below we explain the top health problems cats commonly face and actionable ways to prevent them.
1. Dental Disease
Dental problems such as gingivitis, periodontal disease, and tartar build-up are among the most common health issues in cats. Left untreated, dental disease can lead to pain, tooth loss, infections, and even impact internal organs.
Prevention:
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Brush your cat’s teeth regularly with feline toothpaste.
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Offer dental treats or toys designed to clean teeth.
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Schedule professional oral check-ups during annual vet visits.
Good dental care keeps pain, bad breath, and secondary infections at bay.
2. Obesity & Related Diseases (Diabetes)
Obesity isn’t “just extra weight.” Overweight cats are significantly more likely to develop type 2 diabetes, joint strain, liver disease, and cardiovascular problems.
Prevention:
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Follow a balanced feeding plan based on your cat’s age, activity, and health needs.
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Encourage daily play and active time.
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Avoid free-feeding; offer scheduled portions instead.
A healthy weight protects against diabetes and keeps your cat moving comfortably.
3. Parasites: Fleas, Ticks & Worms
Both external parasites (fleas, ticks) and internal ones (worms like roundworms or tapeworms) are common in cats. Some can also spread diseases to humans.
Prevention:
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Use veterinarian-recommended monthly parasite preventives.
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Keep bedding and living spaces clean.
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Routine stool checks and deworming based on vet advice.
Prevention protects your cat’s skin, digestive health, and overall comfort.
4. Urinary & Lower Urinary Tract Diseases (FLUTD)
Feline Lower Urinary Tract Disease (FLUTD) includes bladder inflammation, urinary stones, and blockages. These issues can become urgent emergencies that require immediate care.
Prevention:
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Ensure fresh water is always available.
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Offer wet food to improve hydration.
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Maintain clean, accessible litter trays and reduce sudden stressors.
Catching symptoms early like straining or urinating outside the litter box—is key.
5. Upper Respiratory Infections & Viral Illnesses
Like humans catching a cold, cats can get upper respiratory infections caused by viruses (e.g., herpesvirus, calicivirus) and bacteria. These are especially common in young cats or multi-cat homes.
Prevention:
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Keep vaccinations up to date, including for respiratory viruses.
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Minimize stress and maintain clean feeding and living areas.
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Isolate any sick cat to help prevent spread.
Vaccination and hygiene dramatically reduce the risk and severity of respiratory diseases.
6. Heartworm & Other Vector-Borne Diseases
Although cats are less frequently affected than dogs, heartworm disease and other mosquito-borne illnesses can be dangerous because treatment options are limited.
Prevention:
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Use year-round heartworm preventatives recommended by your vet.
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Reduce mosquito exposure when possible.
Prevention is far easier (and safer) than treating heartworm infections.
7. Feline Leukemia (FeLV) & Immunodeficiency (FIV)
Retroviruses like FeLV and FIV weaken the immune system, making cats vulnerable to other diseases and reducing lifespan. Both are serious but often preventable.
Prevention:
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Vaccinate against FeLV when appropriate.
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Keep cats indoors and away from unknown or infected cats.
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Neuter to reduce aggressive interactions that transmit viruses.
Healthy lifestyles and prevention can stop these viruses before they start.
Bonus: Healthy Lifestyle Tips Every Cat Parent Should Follow
✔ Annual wellness vet visits
✔ Balanced, age-appropriate nutrition
✔ Plenty of fresh water daily
✔ Stress-reducing enrichment and play
✔ Vigilant observation for subtle changes in behaviour
Cats instinctively hide signs of illness, so early detection and routine care are your best tools.
Conclusion
As a cat parent, prevention is your most powerful medicine. Regular vet check-ups, vaccinations, parasite prevention, dental care, and healthy habits protect against many of the most common feline health problems.
If you’re ever unsure about your cat’s health or see subtle signs of discomfort, it’s always worth consulting a professional. For personalized guidance, health plans, and a free vet consultation, visit your nearest Zigly Pet Care centre where expert care meets the love you have for your feline family member.
